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Édith Piaf (; 19 December 1915 – 10 October 1963; born Édith Giovanna Gassion) was a French cabaret singer, songwriter and actress who became widely regarded as France's national chanteuse, as well as being one of France's greatest international stars. Her music was often autobiographical with her singing reflecting her life, with her specialty being of chanson and torch ballads, particularly of love, loss and sorrow. Among her songs are "La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien" (1960), "Hymne à l'amour" (1949), "Milord" (1959), "La Foule" (1957), "l'Accordéoniste" (1955), and "Padam ... Padam ..." (1951). ==Family== Despite numerous biographies, much of Piaf's life is shrouded in mystery. She was born Édith Giovanna Gassion in Belleville, Paris. Legend has it that she was born on the pavement of ''Rue de Belleville 72'', but her birth certificate cites the Hôpital Tenon, on 19 December 1915.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.rfimusique.com/siteen/biographie/biographie_6057.asp )〕 the hospital for the 20th arrondissement, of which Belleville is part. She was named Édith after the World War I British nurse Edith Cavell, who was executed for helping French soldiers escape from German captivity. Piaf – slang for "sparrow" – was a nickname she received 20 years later. Louis-Alphonse Gassion (1881–1944), Édith's father, was a street performer of acrobatics from Normandy with a past in the theatre. He was the son of Victor Alphonse Gassion (1850–1928) and Léontine Louise Descamps (1860–1937), known as Maman Tine, a "madam" who ran a brothel in Normandy. Her mother, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (1895–1945) was of French descent on her father's side and of Italian origin on her mother's, and she was a native of Livorno, Italy. She worked as a café singer under the name ''Line Marsa''. Her parents were Auguste Eugène Maillard (1866–1912) and Emma (Aïcha) Saïd ben Mohammed (1876–1930), daughter of Said ben Mohammed (1827–1890), a Moroccan acrobat born in Mogador, Morocco,〔Death certificate Year 1890, France, Montluçon (03), 1890, N°501, 2E 191 194〕 and Marguerite Bracco (1830–1898), born in Murazzano in Italy.〔〔Her grandmother, Emma Saïd ben Mohamed, was born in Mogador, Morocco, in December 1876, « Emma Saïd ben Mohamed, d'origine kabyle et probablement connue au Maroc où renvoie son acte de naissance établi à Mogador, le 10 décembre 1876 », Pierre Duclos and Georges Martin, ''Piaf, biographie'', Éditions du Seuil, 1993, Paris, p. 41〕〔"Her mother, half-Italian, half-Berber", David Bret, ''Piaf: a passionate life'', Robson Books, 1998, p.2〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Édith Piaf」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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